Tuberculosis as a disease of poverty is an illustrative example of the Technological Advances and Limitations after 1900: Disease topic in Unit 9 of AP World History. You could reference this example on your AP World History test.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease primarily caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also target other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain, leading to a range of symptoms including persistent cough, fever, weight loss, and fatigue. TB spreads through the air when an infected individual coughs or sneezes, releasing droplets containing the bacteria which can then be inhaled by others.
The history of tuberculosis dates back thousands of years, with evidence of TB lesions found in ancient human remains. Throughout history, TB has been referred to as the “white plague” due to its devastating impact on populations. The disease surged during the Industrial Revolution, exacerbated by overcrowded urban living conditions and poor sanitation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, sanatoriums were established as a form of treatment, providing fresh air, rest, and proper nutrition, but the advent of antibiotics, particularly streptomycin in the mid-20th century, revolutionized TB treatment.
Despite medical advancements, TB remains a significant global health concern, particularly in low-income and marginalized communities. It is considered a disease of poverty due to the numerous social determinants that contribute to its prevalence in these populations. Factors such as overcrowded living conditions, inadequate access to healthcare services, malnutrition, and limited awareness and education about TB all contribute to its persistence. Additionally, individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those living with HIV/AIDS, are at a higher risk of developing active TB.
Efforts to combat TB include early detection through screening and diagnostic tests, provision of effective treatment regimens, and public health initiatives aimed at reducing transmission. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) pose significant challenges to TB control efforts, highlighting the importance of continued research into new treatments and preventive measures. Ultimately, addressing the socio-economic factors underlying TB transmission and ensuring equitable access to healthcare services are crucial in the global fight against tuberculosis.
Free Printable Reading Passage on Tuberculosis
Do you want to watch a video about tuberculosis?
Technological Advances and Limitations after 1900: Disease
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