The Governments of Brazil and Mexico after World War I for AP World History

Feb 1

2 min read

The policies of the governments of Brazil and Mexico after World War I is an illustrative example of the Economy of the Interwar Period topic in Unit 7 of AP World History. You could reference this example on your AP World History test.

The aftermath of World War I witnessed significant political and social transformations worldwide, and Latin American nations like Brazil and Mexico were no exception. This passage delves into the political landscapes of Brazil and Mexico in the post-World War I era, exploring the challenges, reforms, and key developments that shaped their respective trajectories.

Brazil’s Transition to Democracy

In Brazil, the post-World War I period marked a transition from oligarchic rule to a more inclusive democratic system. The Old Republic, characterized by elite dominance and economic inequality, faced internal strife and demands for change. The decade of the 1920s saw political upheavals, including the tenente revolts led by dissatisfied military officers. The culmination of these pressures resulted in the overthrow of the Old Republic in 1930, paving the way for Getúlio Vargas to assume power. Vargas implemented significant political and social reforms during his presidency, initiating a period known as the “Vargas Era.”

Mexico’s Post-Revolutionary Reconstruction

In Mexico, the aftermath of the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) shaped the post-World War I era. The revolutionary struggle, which sought to address land reform, labor rights, and social justice, resulted in a new political order. Álvaro Obregón, a key revolutionary leader, assumed the presidency in 1920 and worked towards stabilizing the country after years of conflict. The 1920s and 1930s in Mexico witnessed efforts to implement land redistribution, promote education, and foster economic development. Despite challenges and internal conflicts, the post-revolutionary government laid the groundwork for Mexico’s modernization.

Shared Themes: Industrialization and Urbanization

Both Brazil and Mexico experienced increased industrialization and urbanization during the post-World War I period. The growth of industries and urban centers transformed the socio-economic landscape, leading to the emergence of a more diversified and urbanized population. Industrial growth brought new economic opportunities but also posed challenges, including labor issues and social disparities.

Both nations faced challenges such as political instability, economic fluctuations, and social unrest during this period. However, they also achieved notable milestones in nation-building, economic development, and political consolidation. Brazil and Mexico navigated complex political landscapes, striving to address historical inequalities and shape a more inclusive and prosperous future.